Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Measles, Mumps, and Rubella - Essay Example (c). Epidemiology of rubella: â€Å"In 2000, the National Disease Surveillance Centre (NDSC) in Ireland reported 1,221 cases of rubella by August of that year.† The occurrence of the disease was as a result of people fearing to be vaccinated against measles (Shmaefsky, p.61). (d). Pathogenesis and pathology of Rubella involved measles virus entering the body system, then to the epithelial cells, and finally to the blood where it multiplies (MPS). In blood the virus advances to general toxic level. The general toxic level of the disease is associated with the presentation of rashes and pigmentation (Shmaefsky, p.83). (e). Clinical manifestations of Rubella appeared after an incubation period 6-18 days. The clinical signs included fever, catarrhal inflammation, and appearance prodromal rashes on the skin surface (Shmaefsky, p.85). (c). The epidemiology of Ruboela: In the first ten years after its discovery, the disease caused approximately 6,000 deaths each year. Approximately 3 to 4 million people in the U.S got measles each year. Each year was also associated with about 500 deaths, 48,000 hospitalization cases, and 4,000 developed encephalitis as a result of measles. (Black, p.90). (d). The pathogenesis and pathology of Ruboela involves measles virus entering the body, then virus moves to the epithelial cells, then to blood where it multiplies (MPS), blood and later generates to general toxic level. When it is at the general level, Ruboela presents rashes (Black, p.90). (e). Clinical manifestation of Ruboela start to appear after approximately ten days after being exposed to the measles virus, a person infected with measles depicts rash, high fever, and runny nose (Black, p.91). (c). Epidemiology of mumps: the largest number of cases of mumps was reported in 1941 when the incidence of the disease was approximately 250 cases in a population of 100,000 people

Business Mgt Essay Example for Free

Business Mgt Essay Part I. Assume you have taken over responsibility to play the lead Information Technology (IT) management role in Magnum Enterprises. Your boss, Rachel Heigl, is Magnum’s CIO. The IT management group is comprised of six people who you will be supervising. Ms. Heigl is an enlightened manager, and she believes that if you are to carry out your responsibilities effectively, you need to work with her in defining your IT management role. As a first step, she invites you to write a short statement where you describe what you see to be your role as head of the IT management effort at Magnum. Proper IT Management requires researching and discerning information technology as a company resource guiding both operational and crucial company capabilities. Using information technology to maximize satisfaction of the customer alongside productivity and profitability will ensure that our competiveness with other business stays at a maximum. In turn IT can make business processes more effective and efficient to provide said resources to customers. The lead IT shall ensure performance of the company through managing technology while encompassing priorities of the business into the role. Striving to be a partner with great initiative this business will discover its leader will have accomplished and achieved what they desired. My first role of business would be to establish the parameters and to understand the IT knowledge areas. These are made up of development processes; management challenges information technologies, business applications and foundation concepts. Concepts of the foundation are making sure the role of information systems paired with business and technical concepts are a familiarity with the end user. Familiarity of concepts in entry level information systems bind with a competitive strategy can lead to an overwhelming strategic advantage. Educating Magnum’s team upon the significance of information technology with the three roles that the business world performs in order to combine business management, software, and hardware capabilities. At the Management level, decision making would lead to significant improvements for IT utilization. Business operations see information systems as a huge support to review and collect data from financial operations, managing manufacturing processes that are very sophisticated, tracking company inventory, and productivity. The use of metrics paired with identifying trends to assist the company in making informed decisions faster to provide information about our competitors. IT  is used quite often to provide a strategic support advantage for the company. Automated inventory and ordering systems an assist with the savings costs. With this information we would need to review our mission statement that identifies the company’s functions, provides oversight on the overall goal, a sense of direction, and guides decision making. Investigating and development towards understanding how we generate money and ensuring a customer base for our company. Envisioning the business plan, mission, with current IT structure and the ability to communicate with senior leadership will guide me with necessary tools to assist the Chief Information Officer (CIO). To ensure a strategic IT plan is created in which will be shared and implemented with my team. Planning to have Magnum’s team familiar with data resource management capabilities, hardware, networks, telecommunications, and software within the company is the second area of information systems known as information technologies. In today’s society PDA’s (personal digital assistants; IE. Blackberry’s ETC.) Personal computers and network servers are integral computer hardware and are crucial in our business environment. Being extremely knowledgeable is vital to our team troubleshooting and resolving hardware issues instead of having to call anot her company for maintenance. We have the ability to break down our company’s software into two categories, application software and system software. Both types normally off the consumer shelf as commercial software instead of having an employee on the team write the software codes for these programs. I plan to ensure my teams are extremely familiar with all software programs and have a firm foundation when troubleshooting and resolving technical issues. Additionally, if not already formed, I will institute a configuration control board and implement test scenarios to ensure future hardware and software being purchased will not have compatibility issues. Also a part of information technologies is data resource management. This is essential in sustaining and maintaining our company. We will require a database management system of good quality that is capable of data consolidating into a database in turn can be accessed my several program applications. Within the past fifteen to twenty years networks and telecommunications software have played a vital role. To ensure the expansion and growth for Magnum Enterprises, we will need out network to be consistent, reliable, monetary sufficient. I would prepare the team to  either install or review and change as needed our network management system that assists with traffic management, capacity planning, network monitoring, and security in essence that our system will grow and change with modern day business culture and practices as the company expands. In order to have the most dependable and proven with the cost of it a ring network should be put into place. The next area, development processes, deals with designing, planning, identifying ideas, and implementing information systems to meet potential business opportunities. It is critical that we ensure our business management capabilities alongside our hardware and software are integrated successfully within our company. Basis within t he development process and depending upon the circumstance, there are a couple of processes we want our team to employ as resolving problems com along with our business systems. Those processes are considered or known as the prototyping approach and he systems development life-cycle. The synopsis of prototyping involves quickly developing or constructing test modules of a desired system in which we will engage when we cannot determine or classify the end user requirements. These systems would be used to assist our personnel with the capabilities to design or create an information system that will be intuitive and easy to navigate for consumers. Prototyping involves four steps with the first being investigation and analysis step. This step, requirements grouped and defined. Second, is the analysis and design step in which a model is developed and constructed to meet consumer business requirements. Next, in the design and implementation, this finalizes the model that was tested and begins the initial installation. The last step to this four step process is implementation and maintenance, which would consist of the business system being accepted, used, and maintained. Prototyping advantages are: decrease in the development time, development costs and requires user i nvolvement. This generates higher satisfaction results. I plan to employ this type of approach to small initiatives. The next area is business application for information systems. This will consist of being familiar with commerce and business applications for our employees and which are used within the company to make strategic leadership and management decisions. A few of the most used business applications within a majority of companies are accounting, human resource management, enterprise resource planning, supply chain management, customer relationship management, financial management,  and supply chain management. An Architectural picture of or IT business applications will ensure that I will have familiarity with all applications that we use. This approach will identify the current interrelationships, interfaces with customer, employees, business applications, and stake holders. We will then need to review the chart and see if there are any potential process improvements that we can make to integrate those systems cross functionally and keep operational costs to a minimum. The systems devel opment lifecycle employs the systems approach to create IT solutions. This lifecycle is often utilized for large applications and it is composed of five processes that I expect my team to know and become familiar when employing the systems development lifecycle: systems investigation, systems analysis, systems design, systems implementation and systems maintenance. The first process, systems investigation, involves project brainstorming, planning and performing a feasibility study. During the brainstorming and planning initiative, a project management implementation plan is created identifying the detailed steps that will be accomplished during the creation and development of the system. The feasibility study is critically important as this outlines all requirements for the system. It also explores four major areas, organizational, economic, technical, and operational feasibility, which determines if it’s worthwhile to invest in potential business ventures. In reviewing the organization’s feasibility, we need to determine if the system is in line with and supports our company’s strategic objectives. The economic feasibility identifies and evaluates the project’s tangible and intangible cost and benefits. Technical feasibility is assessed by confirming if the necessary hardware and software will be available or can be developed and tested before implementation. Operational feasibility is determined by the motivation, desire, willingness, and competence of the stakeholders (management, employees, customers and suppliers) to use and operate the proposed system. Systems Analysis consists of consolidating requirements and includes a detailed breakdown of the business needs and requirements of the organization. This starts with an organizational analysis from one of the business end users. This individual must be keenly aware of the organizational management structure, business requirements, and current IT systems operati ons and its proposed relationship with the newly created system. Some of the outputs generated from the systems analysis  include system flowcharts, data flow diagrams, and connectivity diagrams which aid in the development of the analysis report The next process, systems design, focuses on the design, process diagrams, business rules, and developing specifications for the hardware, software, data resources that will meet the proposed requirements for new business system. The three major outputs produced from the systems design phase are user data, interface, and process design. The fourth process of the systems development lifecycle is system implementation. This encompasses either acquiring the hardware or software or developing it from company resources and then testing the products in a test environment to see how well they operate and integrate with your existing IT architecture. If testing goes well, an implementation plan including training end users and developing system documentation will be accomplished prior to incorporating and execu ting this system within our IT architecture. The final process, systems maintenance consists of consistently monitoring and evaluating the newly implemented system. This also includes correcting errors and discrepancies not identified during the testing phase and continuously making system improvements, advancements and upgrades. The final area of information systems is management challenges. There are numerous challenges that our IT team may be faced with at Magnum Enterprises. One challenge is addressing our security concerns which involve several areas. For instance, our IT team needs be constantly vigilant and on the alert for potential competitors trying to or actually hacking into our systems to steal or damage our data. Additionally, we may also be challenged with setting up restrictions and locking down the network for personnel to only use the network and its software applications for official business. Ensuring that our software is controlled and that employees are not illegally making copies of software for personal use is another area of concern. Preventing virus attacks to our network and installing anti-virus software to diagnose and remove computer viruses is of utmost concern. Failure to maintain a secure network can potentially halt our business from being productive and resulting in thousands of dollars in lost revenue. Additional challenges the IT team may be faced with may involve expanding our infrastructure and network to address our growing business. Ensuring our network provides our employees accessibility to the data they need, wherever they require it, regardless of their location will test our innovativeness.  The company may not have a backup plan to allow it to operate effectively and efficiently in the event of a forced relocation. If that is the case, I will recommend to our management staff that we establish a continuity of operations plan enabling us to relocate with minimum impact to our business operations like a hot site for temporary functionality. In the dynamic world of IT we will always be faced with challenges, however, utilizing IT and being on the leading edge of new IT systems provides our business with many benefits and makes our organization more effective and efficient. For example, IT can be used to improve and promote new business processes such as creating an automated inventory system which will save money in additional labor costs. Another use of IT in making it more efficient and effective is that using certain software programs enables us to identify and target our top customers in terms of profitability to our business. In summary, IT enables our company to successfully plan, integrate, manage, and carry out strategies which lead to profit. Part II. Six months after you take over the lead IT management role at Magnum, the CIO, Ms. Rachel Heigl, is pleased with your work. She has just attended a meeting of Magnum’s executive committee (the committee comprised of the most senior managers of Magnum), where the CEO and Vice President of marketing have indicated that Magnum’s mediocre e-business capabilities must be strengthened. As CIO, Ms. Heigl is given primary responsibility in improving Magnum’s e-business performance. She in turn puts you in charge of a small task force comprised of representatives from the marketing, operations, finance, and legal departments. In order to advance and improve Magnum’s e-business performance operations, it’s vital I establish a cohesive team with representatives from the marketing, operations, finance, and legal departments. Their input and perspective is necessary and essential in developing a way ahead and strategic plan for the future of our e-busin ess department. Developing success with our e-business begins with marketing the company. Marketing is concerned with developing and creating an innovative plan so that the product or service can be promoted and sold. Promoting our products and services are key and critical in attracting new customers as well as maintaining our current customer base. It is important that I develop an understanding of the marketing role and how it can benefit  by using Information Technology systems. Marketing information systems support well established and e-commerce processes that sustain major elements within the marketing function and is described as a continuing and interacting structure of people, equipment and procedures to gather, sort, analyze, evaluate, and distribute pertinent, timely and accurate information for use by marketing decision makers to improve their marketing planning, implementation, and control. The major components of marketing information systems include interactive marketing, sales force automation, customer relationship management, sales management, product management, targeted marketing, and market research. Two of the seven components I will be discussing are interactive marketing and customer relationship management. In our environment today, marketing information systems aid marketing personnel in a variety of tasks associated with branding products and customer service initiatives. For instance, interactive marketing is largely dependent on utilizing the internet, which permits the business and its customers and potential customers to become partners in developing, socializing, acquiring and advancing products and services. With the IT department enabling this type of communication, the company benefits from generating new ideas for other products and services as well as establishing strong customer loyalty. Another area within the marketing information systems is C ustomer Relationship Management (CRM). This incorporates and automates many customer service processes. It consists of utilizing an IT framework to construct, automate, and integrate marketing processes with the company’s business operations. CRM is usually comprised of a software suite that allows a business to provide efficient, effective and reliable service to its customers. Additionally, CRM permits a company to identify and target their most important customers as well as facilitate real-time customization of products and services based on the customer’s wants and desires. Understanding the marketing department’s views and concerns enables the IT department to implement and install an IT infrastructure that will be capable of supporting various information technologies. Some of the benefits that can be obtained from the marketing department are: an opportunity to increase sales and revenue, a chance to touch new market areas, 24/7 accessibility for the customer, and more flexibility and convenie nce for the customers. The production and operations function is supported by  manufacturing information systems. Manufacturing information systems are designed to be used specifically in an operations and production environment. Different types of manufacturing information systems consist of computer integrated manufacturing (CIM), process control, machine control and robotics. CIM involves using computers to control the total manufacturing process, from design to distribution, to produce produces products of the highest caliber. Process control involves utilizing computers to oversee and control continuing physical processes. Machine control consists of using a computer based system to direct the actions of a machine. Robotics involves designing, constructing, and building machines that have the intelligence of a computer and human like physical capabilities. It’s key I understand how the operations representative depends on these information systems to operate effectively as well as their expec tations for these systems. Working together as a team will enable the IT and operations department to develop better ideas to increase the manufacturing and production process. Developing an understanding of all the accounting and financial based systems within our business and discussing these systems with the finance representative enables our IT and finance departments to plan effectively when troubleshooting and performing upgrades. These systems include but are not limited to order processing, inventory control, accounts receivable, accounts payable, payroll, general ledger, cash management, investment management, capital budgeting and financial planning. The success of these systems is integrally connected with its information technology and services. For example, the order processing system â€Å"captures and processes customer orders and produces data needed for sales analysis and inventory control and the accounts payable system keeps track of data concerning purchases from and payments to suppliers. Communicating with the finance representative is essential in setting up or modifying these systems to meet the needs of our business. Any interrupti on or degradation in service can lead to severe damage to the business and financial services that Magnum Enterprises relies on to function and operate. As with any business, competitors are always looking for an advantage to get them ahead in their particular discipline or industry. Unfortunately, being extremely aggressive and ambitious can sometimes cloud your decision making capabilities to the point that you may  be committing breaking privacy laws and monitoring and copyright violations. As the IT lead manager for Magnum Enterprises, I’m charged with ensuring our network infrastructure and IT systems are operating proficiently. However, when it comes to addressing privacy issues from an IT perspective, opinions and viewpoints from a legal expert are necessary. In regards to privacy, several websites accumulate usernames and passwords and personal information such as home addresses and phone numbers without authorization from users. Applying internet monitoring technology within the workplace raises concerns about where the boundaries lie between personal use and public resource use. Copyright concerns and violations has become an issue with the development of the Internet and upgrades to technology. Discussing these concerns with a legal expert and implementing and adhering to strict guidelines will help prevent our company from committing these violations. In addition to the goals of strengthening the capabilities of the e-business, attention must be paid to some key technical challenges. Overseeing secure information throughout our business is extremely difficult to implement and maintain successfully. Key technical issues that may be encountered when re-engineering our e-business include privacy and confidentiality, authenticity, data integrity, access control, availability and infrastructure. Privacy and confidentiality involves businesses protecting and securing personal information while being stored or t ransmitted through email. This can be accomplished by utilizing encryption devices or firewalls. Authentication is used to confirm an individual’s identity and during e-business transactions, the purchaser and buyer wants assurance that proper identity is established. A secure way to assist with confirming identity to both individuals is to utilize a virtual private network. Data integrity means the data is correct and has not been altered while being stored or transmitted. The use of firewalls assists in preventing unauthorized users and safeguarding data. Another way to ensure data integrity is through the use of antivirus software which also aids in keeping your data free from viruses. Access control exists when you’re authorizing certain individual’s permission to restricted systems or data. Several measures that can help with access control include firewalls, access privileges, passwords, digital certificates and virtual private networks. Availability is an issue when customers and employers need information  without any disruptions. Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) systems, data backups and the use of anti-virus software assist with ensuring data is always available. Our e-business infrastructure constantly needs to be monitored to ensure its meeting the needs of our business. An infrastructure that is unable to consistently support the network traffic load can potentially cost our company thousands of dollars in lost sales. If the network is continually slow, increasing the speed of the network backbone will assist in providing faster and reliable support for our customers. In addition to increasing the speed of the network backbone, implementing cross-functional enterprise systems will assist in improving critical business processes throughout Magnum enterprises. A final technical challenge is ensuring all of our systems are compatible and can operate on several different hardware platforms. By having this capabi lity, our operating costs from a technical refresh perspective will decrease. While strengthening capabilities and addressing technical issues, there are management challenges within the e-business that must be addressed. As discussed earlier, our team must be vigilant in addressing security challenges such as hacking into our systems, software theft, and protecting our software applications. In addition to security issues, there are ethical concerns that must be addressed. Privacy has always been a serious and contentious issue amongst employers and employees. For instance, computer monitoring is considered by many personnel to be an infringement on the employee’s privacy and shouldn’t be allowed. However, employers argue that since the computer is a company owned resource, they should be allowed to monitor the work of their employer. In reality, many employers are concerned as to whether or not the employee is actually working and producing or just goofing off and surfing the internet. Utilizing IT equipment at work has been mentioned to cause a variety of health issues which management must address. For example, if your job consists of being in front of a computer all day, some of the health problems you may experience damage to the neck and arm muscles, eye strain, carpal tunnel syndrome, job stress, poor posture and poor circulation. Resolutions to some of these health concerns can be through the science of ergonomics. The objective of ergonomics is to devise and create safe health work conditions with the goal of decreasing health issues and increasing employee morale and work productivity. If  Magnum Enterprises has customers internationally, they also may be faced with political, geo-economic and cultural challenges. From a political concern, there are countries that have restrictions regulating or denying the transfer of data across their borders which can potentially result in customers or businesses from having to pay import or export fees. Geo-economic concerns involve issues such as identifying and locating personnel with IT skills to work at remote sites and communicating with personnel across all 24 time zones. Cultural challenges â€Å"include differences in languages, cultural interests, religions, customs, social attitudes, and political philosophies†. For example, if Magnum Enterprises was conducting a business transaction via a Video Teleconference it would be disrespectful to look them in the eye when introducing yourself. Before meeting an international customer, it would prudent to review their customs and courtesies to ensure a smooth business relationship. Improving Magnum’s e-business performance faces several challenges. Consulting with key department personnel from operations, marketing, finance and legal as well as addressing technical and management obstacles will assist me in charting a plan to put our e-business on the right track towards success.

Lumumba: Race and Revolution :: essays papers

Lumumba: Race and Revolution In the French film entitled Lumumba, director Raoul Peck recreates the revolutionary struggle of Patrice Lumumba, the newly elected Prime Minister of The Congolese Republic. In the movie, we do not see much of the independence struggle against the Belgian government, but we begin to see the reconstruction of the African state in African hands. While no one ever claimed that decolonization was easy, maybe this particular example can best be explained by Fanon’s simplified little quip â€Å"decolonization is always a violent phenomenon. † In this paper, I will seek to locate where this post-colonial violence is located in discourses regarding race, class and gender. Particularly, I will look at the representations of race and class, and the lack of the representation of gender, in order to draw conclusions about the nature of representation and the effects this has on anti-colonial film. Locating the violence within the anti-colonial struggle may be harder than it seems. One can easily note the physical and sexual violence brought upon the people (black and white) of Congo after independence, but we must locate the other forms of violence in order to bring the entire story of Patrice Lumumba to light. The director’s attempt at bringing the story of Patrice Lumumba to the â€Å"silver screen† had political intentions. It had intentions of breaking post-colonial hegemonic forces that portrayed Lumumba as a nationalist dictator. In regards to race and class in Congo, I will refer to the work of Franz Fanon, in particular his book entitled The Wretched of the Earth. In this book Fanon develops a theory of â€Å"dual citizenship† required by the colonizers in order to validate the colonization process. We have to view the movie Lumumba as being part of the anti-colonial discourse in the history of the Congo but also as a historical fiction produced in 21st century France. In viewing this movie, we must locate race and class and the intersection between the two, as this is constantly the case in post-colonial states. We must also understand the exclusion of gender from revolutionary discourses as being part of patriarchy that is not challenged in certain revolutions. The exclusion of gender equality from what Lumumba struggled for is where there is a certain patriarchy, and this kind of patriarchy is evident in almost all revolutionary anti-colonial writing.

Mathematics Initiative Training On The Math Academic Education Essay

AbstractionPercepts of Effectiveness the Mathematics Initiative Training on the Math Academic Performance of Elementary Students. Emmaundia Whitaker, 2011. Applied Dissertation Concept Paper, Nova Southeastern University, Fischler School of Education and Human Services. ERIC Forms: Mathematicss, Mathematics Initiative, Math Academic Performance, Elementary Students This applied thesis was designed to determine identify instructors ‘ perceptual experiences of the effectivity of the Mathematics Initiative Training on impacting the Math academic public presentation of simple pupils.Table of ContentssPage Table of Contentss iii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 C Chapter 1: IntroductionStatement of the ProblemOne of the intents of instruction research-and 1 that has been progressively stressed in recent old ages with the passage of the Education Science Reform Act of 2002 and the constitution of the Institute of Education Sciences ( IES ) -is to develop and rigorously evaluate plans to measure whether they are effectual in back uping pupils ‘ acquisition and accomplishment. This research docket includes an accent on mensurating execution fidelity and associating those steps to plan impacts ( U.S. Department of Education, 2006 ) . Harmonizing to Tomlinson ( 2003 ) , research is needed to place effectual ways to educate and foster success among pupils. Elementary pupils in School District X have hapless academic public presentation in Mathematics. Still, mathematics and reading are typically considered by the bulk of society to be the cardinal topics to cognize and are therefore what are most normally used to mensurate a pupil ‘s or school ‘s success or failure. In peculiar, mathematics is said to function as a â€Å" critical filter, † or a gateway to many high-status businesss ( Schoenfeld, 2004 ) , as quantitative accomplishments are important in such countries as commercialism, medical specialty, engineering and defence ( National Mathematics Advisory Panel, 2008 ) . In add-on, mathematics accomplishment is considered to be a better index of school effects because it is thought to be less influenced by household background and place effects than other topics ( Heyneman, 2005 ) . Therefore, the research presented herein focal points on mathematics achievement as a step of school effectivity. The research job. Progressive educational reform has been a little yet ever-present current in schooling in the United States ( Wilson, Floden, & A ; Ferrini-Mundy, 2001 ) . As the subject has grown and developed during the last 20 old ages, mathematics instruction in peculiar has been forcing on the boundaries of this on-going motion ( Cuoco, 2001 ) . A peculiarly ambitious issue with progressive mathematics instruction reform is that instructors are being asked to make for pupils experiences those instructors have ne'er had themselves ( Richardson & A ; Placier, 2001 ) . Naturally a critical inquiry has emerged as many mathematics teacher pedagogues, math pedagogues, mathematicians, professional developers, and research workers likewise have been working to do such progressive mathematics larning environments a world: how do we best prepare instructors to learn a mathematics radically different from that which emphasized drill, pattern, and memorisation of stray facts and algorithm s? ( Kilpatrick, Swafford, & A ; Findell, 2001 ) . Background and justification. A instructor ‘s cognition is one of the biggest influences on schoolroom ambiance and on what pupils learn ( Hill, Rowan, & A ; Ball, 2005 ) . Elementary school instructors need professional development in mathematics because, most normally, they have been trained as Renaissance mans. This means that simple instructors may hold been trained to learn all nucleus topics, such as reading, scientific discipline, societal surveies and math ; but the instructors have non developed specialised accomplishments in the instruction of any one topic ( Greenberg & A ; Walsh, 2008 ) . â€Å" Bettering the mathematics acquisition of every kid depends on doing cardinal the learning chances of our instructors, † ( Ball 2003, p. 9 ) . The work of Ball ( 2001 ) unveiled those instructors with increased mathematical cognition for learning produced significantly larger additions in pupil accomplishment. Due to its proved influence, the mathematical cognition of import for the work of instruction has become a important issue in mathematics instruction ( Stylianides & A ; Ball, 2004 ) . Sing the aforementioned, it is imperative understand how, why and under what conditions the Math Initiative is effectual in bettering the Math academic public presentation of simple school pupils. Presently, many pupils are non accomplishing province criterions ( Tomlinson, 2003 ) . With this in head, the current survey efforts to gestate the sensed impact, by instructors, that engagement in the Math Initiative has had on mathematics academic public presentation. To make this, the research worker will use a plan rating using a summational attack. Harmonizing to Patton, rating has philosophical roots, such as formative, summational, and knowledge-oriented ratings. Each rating attack has different ends and aims and seeks to turn to different issues. A formative rating seeks to better a plan in some manner through analysis of the plan constituents, while a summational rating Judgess the plan ‘s effectivity ( Patton ) . A summational rating measures the success of the completed plan. It is used to do determinations about the hereafter of the plan. Use the consequences of this rating to enroll new host sites, support beginnings, and participants, and to publicise the plan. The summational rating frequently turns up unforeseen results, placing facets of the plan that would be otherwise overlooked. Lacks in the grounds. As schools endeavor to maintain up with national criterions for improved scheduling for instructors ‘ professional development, more surveies are needed that take into history teacher perceptual experiences of the types of professional development available ( Ellis & A ; Berry, 2005 ) . In add-on, Grouws and Cebulla ( 2007 ) asserted that surveies are needed to measure the quality of the professional development instructors have attended and the positions on the value of the professional development. Last, Kulm ( 2009 ) contended that more surveies are needed to measure what pupils benefits are a by merchandise from what the instructors have learned. Audience. Harmonizing to Dooley ( 2001 ) , plan ratings help decision makers, school boards, and forces make informed determinations sing course of study content or way. By uniting quantitative informations related to plan effectivity and qualitative informations related to single instructor ‘s perceptual experience sing plan strengths and failings, this survey will lend to the organic structure of bing cognition related to the Math Initiative as a whole. Additionally, the consequences of this survey have potential to help collegiate mathematics pedagogues in understanding the common and specialised content cognition that pre-service instructors should obtain from mathematics content classs. This apprehension can help those responsible for developing appropriate course of study for pre-service instructors ‘ mathematics content classs.Definition of FootingsAcademic public presentation. Academic public presentation refers to a kid ‘s public presentation in academic co untries ( e.g. , reading or linguistic communication humanistic disciplines, math, A scientific discipline, and history ) ( 71 Fed. Reg. at 46662 ) . Effectiveness. Effectiveness is the grade to which an educational plan or forces yields the coveted results of accomplishment or specific demands ( Sammons, 1999 ) . Elementary School Student. A kid in kindergarten through 5th class ( GaDOE, 2011 ) .Math Initiative.Math schemes. Multiple waies in Math that enable pupils of different abilities, involvements or larning demands experience every bit appropriate ways to absorb, usage, develop and present constructs as a portion of the day-to-day acquisition procedure ( Faivillig, 2001 ) . Percepts. Percepts involve the procedure of geting, construing, choosing, and forming centripetal information ( Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary ) . Professional development. Professional development is the activities instructors participate in to inform or better the job-related cognition, accomplishments or attitudes of school employees or a procedure of turning and going a professional ( Cooney, 2001 ) . Traditional text editions. Traditional text editions refer to commercially generated text edition stuffs that reflect a acquisition position focused chiefly on processs and direct instruction methods ( Ball, 2001 ) .Purpose of the StudyThe intent of this plan rating is to demo how the assorted degrees of execution and fidelity to the Mathematics Initiative Training affect pupil academic public presentation in the country of mathematics. Specifically, the intent of this survey is to place instructors ‘ perceptual experiences of the effectivity of the Mathematics Initiative on impacting the Math academic public presentation of simple pupils. Sing the aforementioned, a plan rating will be a utile tool for finding the effectivity of the Mathematics Initiative. A summational plan rating of the Mathematics Initiative will supply a method for roll uping, forming, analysing and describing informations for multiple audiences. Harmonizing to Babbie ( 2007 ) , summational plan rating measures the success of a course of study in accomplishing scholar aims for all targeted scholars, its success in accomplishing its procedure aims, and/or its success in prosecuting, motivation, and delighting its scholars and module. In add-on to quantitative informations, summational plan rating may include qualitative information about unintended barriers or unforeseen effects encountered in plan execution ( Denscombe, 2007 ) .Research QuestionsA reappraisal of the literature resulted in the undermentioned research questions/hypothesis, which will steer the current survey: R1. What are the instructors ‘ perceptual experiences of the effectivity of the Math Initiative Training?Focus Group QuestionsIn what ways is the Math Initiative Training effectual or uneffective in impacting the Math academic public presentation of simple pupils? What grounds supports the effectivity of the Math Training Initiative? What are the most effectual constituents of the Math Training Initiative? What are the most uneffective constituents of the Math Training Initiative? What do you see as the educationally related hereafter of the Math Training Initiative in simple school scenes? R2. Is at that place a difference in the Math academic public presentation of pupils in the 2006-2008 school old ages before the Math Initiative Training compared to the 2008-2010 school old ages after the Math Initiative Training?Null HypothesisHO1: There is non a statistically important difference in the Math academic public presentation of pupils in the 2006-2008 school old ages before the Math Initiative Training compared to the 2008-2010 school old ages after the Math Initiative TrainingDrumheadEducational and social stakeholders want to cognize if professional development is a worthwhile investing ( Clotfelter, Ladd, & A ; Vigdor, 2006 ) . Opportunities have to be in topographic point for followup, reappraisal, and monitoring of execution of the instructors new cognition from professional development ( Ball, 2003 ) . Claims of effectivity or ineffectualness may be indefensible and invalid unless the grade to which plans are implemented as intended by the developers is defined a nd assessed ( Rivkin, Hanushek, & A ; Kain, 2005 ) . Puma and Raphael ( 2001 ) argued that rating of any enterprise or preparation should be viewed as portion of the procedure of constructing local capacity reform. Documenting the connexions between the aforesaid professional development chances and instructor acquisition is important for the betterment of pupil acquisition. Following this debut chapter is Chapter 2, which will show a reappraisal of related literature. Chapter 3 will discourse the research design and methodological analysis for the research survey. Selection of topics, instrumentality, informations aggregation and premises will be detailed in this chapter. The chapter will reason with the processs utilized for carry oning the research and the information processing and analysis and the appropriate statistical process for proving the hypotheses. Chapter 4 will show the informations collected for the research every bit good as the information analysis employed to reply each research inquiry and the findings from the information analysis. Chapter 5 will reason the research with a treatment of the findings, decisions, deductions for professional pattern, and deductions for future research. Additionally, recommendations for execution will be presented.

Acquired Level of Competency of Nurses Essay

Background: Known to be the most effective method to develop professional nurses is through a strong preceptorship program. This research study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Preceptorship Program being implemented by Vicente Gullas Memorial Hospital. Method: Questionnaires measuring their competency comprising the Knowledge, Skill and Attitude were used to obtain responses from 67 nurse preceptees. The response rate of the survey was 167.5%. Findings and Conclusion: The Vicente Gullas Memorial Hospital’s Preceptorship Program was effective since it significantly produced 46.27% or 31 out 67 respondents who turned out to be Competent nurses. Moreover, there were 28.36% or 19 out of 67 who were Advanced Beginners and 8.96 or 6 out of 67 who were Proficient Nurses. In general, 83.56% or 56 out of 67 Novice Nurses were able to increase their knowledge, skills and attitude at the end of the program. On the other hand, there was a significant correlation between the Nurse’s Skill and Attitude (r= 0.476; p < 0.05). Nurses who are confident with themselves tend to be more proactive and eager to perform nursing procedures which is why they are always willing to do the tasks being delegated or assigned to them. Contrary to what has mentioned, there was no correlation between the preceptee’s Knowledge and Skill (r= – 0.604) and Knowledge and Attitude (r= -0.149).

Seven Strategies to Provide Help for Teachers

Seven Strategies to Provide Help for Teachers Most teachers are eager to learn, want to improve, and work hard at their craft. Some are more natural than others and innately understand what it takes to be an effective teacher. However, there are many teachers that need time and assistance in developing the skills it takes to be an outstanding teacher. All teachers have areas where they are strong and areas in which they are weak. The best teachers will work hard to improve in all areas. Sometimes a teacher needs assistance in identifying their strengths and weaknesses as well as a plan to improve. This is a crucial part of a principal’s job. A principal should know each teacher’s individual strength and weaknesses. They should develop a plan for providing help for teachers that focus on areas that need improvement. There are many ways that a principal can provide help for teachers. Here, we examine seven strategies that a principal may use in developing a plan of improvement for each teacher. Identify the Essential There are many areas that a teacher must be solid in to be an effective teacher. Being ineffective in one area often has an effect on other areas. As a principal, it is vital that you narrow the focus to what you consider being the biggest areas of need. For example, you may be working with a teacher in which you have identified six areas that need improvement. Working on all six areas at once will be overwhelming and counter-intuitive. Instead, identify the two that you believe are most prominent and start there. Create a plan that focuses on improving in those top areas of need. Once those areas improve to an effective level, then you can create a plan to work on other areas of need. It is critical that teacher understands that you are trying to help them throughout this process. They must trust that you have their best interest in mind. A strong principal will build a relationship with their teacher that allows them to be critical when they need to be without hurting a teacher’s feelings. Constructive Conversation A principal should have in-depth conversations on a regular basis with their teachers about the happenings in their classroom. These conversations not only give the principal perspective about what is happening in the classroom, they allow the principal to give helpful suggestions and tips through informal conversation. Most young teachers especially are sponges. They want to improve and seek out knowledge of how to do their job better. These conversations also are significant trust builders. A principal who actively listens to their teachers and works to create solutions to their problems will gain their trust. This can lead to helpful conversations that can immensely improve a teacher’s effectiveness. They will be more open when you are critical because they understand you are looking out for what is best for them and the school. Video/Journaling There are occasions in which a teacher may not see something as an area in which they need to improve. In this case, it may be advantageous for you to video a series of lessons so that they can watch it back to understand what you are seeing in your observations. Watching video of your teaching can be a powerful tool. You will be surprised at what you learn about yourself as you watch the tape back. This can lead to powerful reflection and realization that you do need to change to your approach in how you teach. Journaling can also be an exceptional tool to help a teacher improve. Journaling allows a teacher to keep track of different approaches they have used and to compare their effectiveness days, months, or even years later. Journaling allows to teachers to look back at where they were and see how much they have grown over the course of time. This self-reflection can spark a desire to continue to improve or to change an area in which the writing helps them realize they need to make changes. Model the Skills Principals are supposed to be the leaders in their building. Sometimes the best way to lead is to model. A principal should never be afraid to put a lesson together that focuses on an individual teacher’s weakness and then teach that lesson to the teacher’s class. The teacher should observe and make notes throughout the lesson. This should be followed up with a healthy conversation between you and the teacher. This conversation should focus on what they saw you do in their lessons that many of their lessons often lack. Sometimes a teacher simply needs to see it done right to understand what they need to change and how they are supposed to do it. Set up Observations With a Mentor There are teachers that are experts at their craft who are willing to share their insights and experiences with other teachers. This can be powerful in many different areas. Every young teacher should be given the opportunity to observe an established veteran teacher and have them serve as their mentor. This relationship should be a two-way street where the mentor could also observe the other teacher and provide feedback. There are so many positives that can come out of this type of relationship. A veteran teacher may be able to share something that clicks with the other teacher and sets them on the path of them becoming a mentor someday themselves. Provide Resources There are so many resources that a principal can provide a teacher that focuses on every possible area in which they may struggle. Those resources include books, articles, videos, and websites. It is essential to give your struggling teacher a variety of resources that provide multiple strategies for improving. What works for one teacher may not work for another. After giving them time to look through the material, follow it up with conversations to see what they took from the resources as well as how they plan to apply it to their classroom. Provide Specific Professional Development Another way to provide help for teachers is to give them professional development opportunities that are unique to their own individual needs. For example, if you have a teacher that struggles with classroom management, find an outstanding workshop which deals with classroom management and send them to it. This training can be invaluable to improving a teacher. When you send them to something you hope that they are able to gain valuable, applicable insights that they can immediately bring back to their classrooms and apply.

My Palace

My Palace My Palace I want to live my life without the rush routine. Therefore, I sought for a nice, calm place, where nothing will disturb me. Moreover, I found a place, where I would build my house of dream. Lombok, the island in Indonesia is my place of choice. My house would be a three-floor building made of wood. Garden, mostly strict, but containing bright spots of local flowers, will surround the house. It will be looked after by a gardener, who will live in his own house on its territory. In the backyard of the house there will be a huge swimming pool, with a couple of beach chairs and surrounded with native flora of Indonesia. Next to the swimming pool will be a garage with the car and a boat so I could drive the coastline and to go to sea. There is a lot of free space on the first floor. The parquet floor is made of oak. Near the door, there is a little table with a vintage phone on it. The living room will occupy the largest part of the first floor. There will be a huge plasma hanging over the fireplace. A big sofa and a couple of armchairs, complemented with a large cow skin carpet on the floor, will allow me to relax while watching my favorite programs every day. Bright colors and post-modern paintings, like Andy Warhol works, will cover the walls. All of the furniture on this floor will be made of natural materials, like cherry, but still looking vintage enough due to its 60s and 70s design. The orange-painted wall separates the living room from the dining room and kitchen, with an oak table, huge enough for 6 person and vintage cherry chairs. Candy bottles, plastic tea, coffee, and powder containers, along with old-fashioned salt and paper shakers are occupying shelves above the stove. There my chef would prepare my favorite meals, and traditional dishes. The second floor will be as big as the first one, pretty much the same in design, but separated in more parts. The rooms for guests, chef, and house cleaner will be here. Tiles in different colors will decorate the bathrooms for guests and housekeeping personnel, so they could avoid entering each others rooms. In addition, my working place with my PC and Internet access will be on the second floor. Next to my working place, there will be a room with three closets, built in wall units, and a big mirror, so I could enjoy the dressing process. The basement will be big, but it will not be the basement in this common meaning. My private home theater will occupy the bigger part of it. There will be three rows of extremely soft and comfortable armchairs, going downward to the big screen. Black paint and movie posters, mostly from 60s, will cover the walls. The second part of this place will be my gym. All necessary pieces of gym equipment will be present. The lamps will be built-in in the ceiling; a huge mirror will cover the entire wall. Black-and-white photos of different bodybuilders will cover the white walls. At last, my bedroom and bathroom will occupy entire third floor. Not the walls, but color stripes will separate the bedroom into parts. A combination of green and blue colors on the walls will create the atmosphere of peace and calmness. An old-school alarm clock on the night table, lava lamps of different colors, posters of long gone actors and famous in the mid-century bands, vinyl disk player and dream catcher, hanging over the bed will remind of 60s. The window will be in all length of the wall, and there will be a telescope near it so I could watch the stars at night. This room will also have a large wardrobe, where I will store the clothes for my everyday life. Bathroom will have a jacuzzi in it; light blue tiles will cover the walls and the floor. In addition, I would have a kitchen elevator so I could order some drinks while taking a bath and plasma mounted on the wall. This is how I imagine my house of dream. I will do my best to make this dream come true.

Order Professional Help Annotated Bibliography Examples

Order Professional Help Annotated Bibliography Examples Annotated bibliography is a combination of the research materials citations and their summaries. It is one of the elements of a good APA, MLA or Chicago style paper. If you are searching for the examples of annotated bibliography here is a collection of samples of annotated bibliography: Chicago Style, MLA, APA. If you dont have time to write it on your own, you may read: HOW TO BUY ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ONLINE What is an Annotated Bibliography? An annotated bibliography is a list of research materials - books, articles, and documents  - presented both as citations  and as a summary of their value. The description acts to evaluate the source as a credible document. The purpose of the annotated bibliography is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited. Annotated bibliographies are different from abstracts, the latter being purely descriptive summaries found at the beginning of scholarly journal articles, while annotations are descriptive and require critical thinking. They may take into account the authors point of view, authority, and the place and time of their piece. How to Write an Annotated Bibliography Step 1.  Choose works that provide a balanced perspective on your topic. Step 2.  Locate and cite the books, periodicals, and documents about your topic. Step 3.  Cite the source using the appropriate style for your paper: MLA, APA or Chicago Manual Style. Step 4.  Write a concise annotation that summarizes the central theme and scope of the book or article. Include one or more sentences that accomplish one of the following: qualify the authority of the author; comment on who might gain from reading this source; compare the work to other work being cited; or, explain how this work enlightened you on your topic. Step 5.  Sign up today for the annotated bibliography writing service that will change the way you finish your school assignments. Sample MLA Annotation Greene, Robert. The 48 Laws of Power. Penguin Books, 2000. Greene offers honest advice on how to conduct ones life, according to the lessons we have learned from history, its rulers and their failures. Taking a sometimes fantastical approach to the realities of societal rules and norms, the chapters in Greenes book are wry and anecdotal and offer advice on everything from avoid the unhappy and the unlucky and mastering the art of timing. In the process, Greene includes interpretations of each law and examples of when the law was carried out in reverse to someones detriment. Greene offers sober, although harsh, advice for those struggling with ones imperfect journey with flawed peers, unfair laws, and conniving rivals. Rather than a practical handbook to how to live ones life, this text takes an honest perspective with advice that only those who truly need power will end up being able to implement in their life. However, there is still some useful tips that us every man and every woman can take. Chapters in this text lend themselves to being studied out of order, or as they become necessary in the readers life. Some of the chapters would even do well as part of a history course, or a section of a course, where students were learning about the human spirit and human folly. See also: MLA Essay Format with Example Sample APA Annotation Camron, J. (1992). The Artists Way. New York: Tarcher Putnam. In this workbook of nonfiction based on the writers creative journey, Cameron attempts to guide readers through the stages of reclaiming their inner artist and bringing more art into their lives. She does so by implementing the discipline of writing morning pages each day and by answering open-ended questions throughout to help the reader gauge where and why they may be stuck creatively. An experienced writer, Cameron is aware of the limitations of her experiment, and thats why she uses this book in tandem with live talks and workshops and encouraging fans of her work to meet where they live and help each other operate more like artists. The author is forthcoming about her past struggles with alcohol and the frustrations in her shortcomings as a poet to help ease the pretense that artists are artists and those who are not yet artists are on the outside looking in. Camerons book is completely inclusive and seems to embrace all who dare to discover their dormant inner artist. See also: APA Citation Machine Referencing Format Tool Sample Chicago Style Annotated Bibliography Schwabs book provides a thorough examination of the current state of Africas countries, communities, wars, resources, and leaders and how things came to be, from colonization until the new millennium. The author discusses relevant topics, such as war, cross-border conflict, ethnic conflict, despotic leadership, predatory regimes, and economic health. The book includes chapters on the slave trade, AIDS and poverty, globalization, and a question that asks if the continent will survive. This book could be read as part of a course but it appears the intention of the writer was to create a book for the interested layman to get a brief and terrifying history lesson. See also: Chicago Style Format with Example We hope, youve found these annotated bibliography samples helpful. Use them as the examples when composing your annotated bibliography. If you have no time for writing your APA annotated bibliography or MLA annotated bibliography, etc., you may order it online.  Place an order for annotated bibliography writing help, saying write me annotated bibliography, and we will deliver to you an expertly-presented piece. If you need any other writing services, feel free to contact our writers for assistance.

Rural Development Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Rural Development - Case Study Example Poverty alleviation and addressing the problem of hunger remains as the priority action areas for the Niger government. Persistent landlessness, lack of business opportunities and child hunger erode the initial gains made in Niger placed last out of a total of 177 countries on the United Nations list in 2007. The U.N. aid had stated that 300,000 children under the age of five facing the risk of death from malnutrition every year in the Sahel region which encompasses Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Niger, among others. The hunger problem which afflicted the country had stemmed from the apathy that was present in the Niger government. Thus, the government failed to fulfill its serious obligation to provide food to its citizens. (Mousseau and Millant, 2007) Business conditions have dire prospects. Niger's population lives on less than a dollar a day. The per capita gross domestic product (GDP) was $320 in 2007. Approximately 40 percent of the Niger children suffer from chronic malnutrition and Niger's less than five years old mortality rate is very high. (Mosseau and Mittal, 2006) The regional integration of West African countries via the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), meant to assure an adequate food supply in the region. However, this organization failed to establish a regulatory mechanism that to ensure food supply and stable food prices. Irregular food production, exchange rates, government policies, international commodity prices, and regional conflicts exacerbated the hunger crisis. High food prices led to the sale of livestock, capital goods, and land, thus putting more people at a high poverty risk.The Government must do three tasks. First, attain food availability for all of its citizens soon. It has done this based on recent developments. The Board of Directors of the World Bank's International Development Association (IDA) had approved the request of the Niger Government for a grant of CFAF 3 billion (US$7 million) to finance the Emergency Food Security Support Project in August 2008. The main objectives of the grant are to pro vide support for irrigated rice production and to achieve household food security.The State of Niger will supplement this grant with resources derived from mineral exploitation. The hike in the food prices during the Ramadan period made the Government subsidize the prices of consumed food products. This operation provided 3,000 metric tons of rice and sugar on the market at half the real price. The Government has channelled CFAF 11 billion (US$25 million) for trade channels for the marketing of cowpea.Second, the government must establish an arrangement with its major food suppliers to deliver food to the country on a regular basis by setting up a Food Exchange Market and funding it through its mineral resources. Third, the government can promote a holistic training in skills and education to make available a healthy and well-educated work force which can generate substantial income for their families and communities. Rural development in the NorthRural development is responsible for economic regeneration among the countries in the North, particularly the UK.

Child Abuse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Child Abuse - Essay Example It is due to this clinical background training in systematic investigation techniques, and evidence in collecting of data (, e.g. bruises, lacerations) that allows the forensic nurse to be part of child abuse prevention/investigation team.   Child abuse can be defined as physical abuse/neglect, sexual abuse, or emotional abuse/ neglect. While child abuse has been known to involve the physical, psychological, social, emotional, and sexual maltreatment of children, the survival, safety, self-esteem, growth and development of the child is threatened (Hick, 2006, p. 127). The extent of child abuse is depressingly wide. It crosses all economic, cultural, religious, and geographical boundaries. Physical abuse of children covers such things as deliberate violence that causes any kind of injury or even death to a child. As Richard J. Gelles (1982) states in his article â€Å"Child Abuse and Family Violence†, physical acts of child abuse include punching, biting, kicking, beating, and threatening to use or using a weapon against a child (28). Signs of this type of abuse can be found on the body in the form of bruises, scars, broken bones, burn marks, or deformities. However, such injuries may not be present even though ab use has occurred. As stated by Gelles (1982), many children have been pushed downstairs or punched and kicked by their parents without receiving a concussion or broken bones (28). Physical neglect involves the negligence of a guardian to provide the necessary food, clothing, shelter, or medical attention necessary to the physical well-being of a child. Sexual abuse, which sometimes occurs along with physical abuse, involves an adults use of a child for sexual gratification. Very often, it is a family member that perpetrates the abuse, but sometimes strangers are involved. Alvin A Rosenfeld offers the following precise definition:   The phrase, sexual abuse of children refers to a disparate array of situations that

Operating system new and old one Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Operating system new and old one - Essay Example Indeed, the evolution of OS correlates with the growth in IT and computer needs. Examples of old operation system include Admiral Operating system for Honeywell 800/1800, Atlas I Supervisor that introduced system calls and virtual storage for the first computer. We also have the SCOPE operating systems developed in the 1960s that enabled batch processing and the MACE operating system for sharing time. The Michigan Terminal System (MTS) and MUSIC/SP are also examples of old OS developed for early computers like IBM. However, the complexity of new hardware and application programs led to the development of new OS. Indeed, the old OS lacked important features that are present in new OS such as the capacity to run third-party applications and multiple applications at once. Examples of new OS include Microsoft Windows, Android, IBM z/OS, Mac OS X, iOS, and Linux (Computer Hope 1). Most new OS adopt a touchscreen input design since it applies to portable devices. Notably, Microsoft Windows is the most dominant OS used in PCs, IBM, and smartphones (Computer Hope 1). The Apple Mac OS applies only in Apple computer operating system and on Macintosh computers while Android OS is applicable in all Android compatible phones (Computer Hope 1). Moreover, Linux is a new OS applicable in PC and IBM compatible computers while iOS operates with the Apple iPhone (Computer Hope 1). Notably, the choice of an OS depends on the hardware though all operating systems offer a graphical user interface that entails a des ktop and the capacity to manage files and folders. The early OS embraced diversity where technicians produced multiple OS to apply in a specific mainframe computer. However, the old OS had different command models, operating protocols, and operating tools. The development of new computers and hardware resulted to the introduction of new OS where the technicians adjusted, retested, and restructured the applications to accommodate the new OS. The new OS

Information Sharing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Information Sharing - Essay Example As such, it is critical to create a suitable platform for information sharing from people outside the agency, within the agency and among various federal agencies. Federal Government ought to invest in more institutions involved in the capture and sharing of criminal information across the globe. Currently, the US government has invested heavily in such institutions (Jackson, 2009). Such institutions include National Crime Information Center, Regional Information Sharing Systems and the FBI’s Criminal Justice Information Service that works together with over 18000 such organizations among others. Sharing of criminal information among citizens is a delicate issue, and some individuals fear to provide such useful information, basing their argument on the need to safeguard their welfare. Reports of various retribution acts from criminal gangs evidently justify their concern. As such, concerned federal agencies ought to ensure these security and anonymity of such individuals, in their efforts to motivate them to share their information (Jackson, 2009). The rewarding of information providers should also be secretive. Creating awareness on the need to share criminal information and other critical information among communities is also significant in combating numerous atrocious crimes currently experienced. This may be through organizing awareness seminars and advertisement through diverse media forms. Online provision of useful information by individuals should also be rewarded. Such rewards should be remote and confidential. Establishment of local information centers throughout v arious societal settings will significantly boost information sharing (Jackson, 2009). Proper implementation of technology within an agency and across agency will significantly aid in law enforcement and information sharing (Jackson, 2009).

Environmental Health Assessment Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Environmental Health Assessment - Case Study Example In Kenya for example, we have the National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA). The authority is charged with many tasks of managing the environment from destruction, key among them harmonizing a range of environmental management activities that is conducted by other lead agencies. Among other functions, it is also charged with promoting the incorporation of ecological deliberations into development strategies, projects, and programmes, with an oversight of ensuring rational utilization and proper management of environmental wealth on a sustainable yield basis (NEMA, 2008). To start up a project in Kenya, managers must apply to NEMA so that an environmental risk and health assessment can be undertaken. These procedures are usually done to identify an alternative project that harms the environment and health of citizens less. The assessments are also carried out in order to come up with mitigation procedures that can be used to reimburse for possible health and environmental impacts (Turnbull, 1991). In Kenya, NEMA reserves the final say of allowing industries to use the Kenyan environment to conduct their business. It licenses them after the assessment is done and the industries or projects are given a clean bill of health in environmental preservation. When projects flout the rules and start degrading the environment, NEMA can automatically revoke the license and the firm will cease to operate (NEMA, 2008). Kenya Utility Poles Ltd Due to high demand of electricity poles from Kenya Power and Lighting Company (KPLC), the main power distributor in Kenya, a consortium of investors from the United States has come up with a plan to build a multi-billion industry that will ease the demand for electricity poles. KPLC has been sourcing majority of its utility poles from neighboring Tanzania, thus using up a huge chunk of its revenue on utility poles. To KPLC, the investors' idea of starting up an industry that will mass produce utility poles at the heart of Nairobi, the capital city, is good news. But this is not well received by NEMA, the authority charged with managing the environment. After the investors presented their proposals to NEMA for consideration, it was realized that the company was intending to use Pentachlorophenol (PCP) chemical for poles preservation. Pentachlorophenol, hereafter known as PCP is mainly used as a restricted pesticide in farming activities. But it is also an effective wood preservative used mainly in wharf pilings, railroad tiers, and utility poles. When individuals are exposed to the chemical at high levels, various counterproductive health as well as ecological issues arises (What is pentachlorophenol, 2008). This is what is making NEMA to sound the alarm bell. The chemicals contained in PCP causes many health complications. They are known to damage the liver as well as weaken the immune system of victims. This will have direct health ramifications for workers of the proposed industry as well as those living in the vicinity. The chemicals are also known to raise the body temperatures and cause developmental defects to those who are exposed. Ecologically, PCP was found to be highly toxic to warm and cold fishes and all the other

Information Sharing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Information Sharing - Essay Example As such, it is critical to create a suitable platform for information sharing from people outside the agency, within the agency and among various federal agencies. Federal Government ought to invest in more institutions involved in the capture and sharing of criminal information across the globe. Currently, the US government has invested heavily in such institutions (Jackson, 2009). Such institutions include National Crime Information Center, Regional Information Sharing Systems and the FBI’s Criminal Justice Information Service that works together with over 18000 such organizations among others. Sharing of criminal information among citizens is a delicate issue, and some individuals fear to provide such useful information, basing their argument on the need to safeguard their welfare. Reports of various retribution acts from criminal gangs evidently justify their concern. As such, concerned federal agencies ought to ensure these security and anonymity of such individuals, in their efforts to motivate them to share their information (Jackson, 2009). The rewarding of information providers should also be secretive. Creating awareness on the need to share criminal information and other critical information among communities is also significant in combating numerous atrocious crimes currently experienced. This may be through organizing awareness seminars and advertisement through diverse media forms. Online provision of useful information by individuals should also be rewarded. Such rewards should be remote and confidential. Establishment of local information centers throughout v arious societal settings will significantly boost information sharing (Jackson, 2009). Proper implementation of technology within an agency and across agency will significantly aid in law enforcement and information sharing (Jackson, 2009).

Nutrition Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nutrition Paper - Essay Example They believe that they are inadequate. People who view themselves critically are more prone to develop anorexia. Research on the biological causes of anorexia suggests that people with high levels of cortisol and low levels of serotonin and norepinephrine have a tendency towards anorexia since these hormones control stress and general well-being of a person. Also some people are genetically prone towards the disease if it runs in the family (Shepphird, 58). The first stage of Anorexia as identified by research is when a person loses a good amount of weight in a relatively short time period. This is then followed by praises from friends, families and acquaintances. The patient gives too much worth to these praises and starts fearing an increase in weight. This then develops an obsession among the patient to limit or reduce weight. From herein begins, the disease process. In the early stages, the patient develops a compulsion towards physical exercise. Exercise starts taking up most of the patient’s time and he ignores his social life. At the same time, the patient starts obsessing about food. They start researching about food, calories and diets. They even try to implement these in their own diet and often try to hide these details from their friends and family. In the second stage, the patient becomes preoccupied with his body image. He starts focusing on individual parts of his body where he assumes that he needs to lose weight. The person feels basically fine in his stage but starvation is becoming quite common in the second stage. The third stage occurs when the patient starts to starve himself. He starts wearing warmer clothes as starvation leads to cold. The patient also displays many other emotions as a direct result of starvation. These include depression, anxiety, paranoia, irritability, insomnia and exhaustion. It is difficult for immediate friends and families to ignore Anorexia Nervosa. The symptoms appear on the

Technology in the Learning Essay Example for Free

Technology in the Learning Essay The teacher knows how to use the materials. The students can relate and understand the lesson because the application or software of that particular topic is found in material. If the teacher did not know how to use material it can cause weakness. The volumes of computers are not sufficient. It helps to the teacher to introduce the lesson for better understanding. The lesson is easily absorbed because they perform activities to apply the lesson. It’s contains information to help them to understand well and instruction and procedure guide them for their activity. Note for reviewing if they will forget. Your Analysis What do you think prompted the teacher to choose the materials/learning resources that she/he used? Computers and hand outs are most appropriate materials for the lesson about MS Visio. Ms Visio is tool in designing charts and creating professional diagrams. Computer is use for their hands-on and to be seen the features of the MS Visio 2010 and for their practical evaluation to known if they understand the lesson. Hand-out is use for information about the topic and guide in doing their activity. Therefore, the instructional materials serve as a clear representation that was capable of giving clear information, through this the student will able understand the lesson and easy to absorb. What difficulties, if any, did the teacher experience? How can this be managed? There was no difficulty that the teacher experience because the students are participates in discussion and activity. They student was listened and performed the activity while the teachers makes sure that the student do the  tasks. Over-all, were the learning resources/materials used effectively? Why? Why not? Yes, the computers and hand outs are effective because teacher keep getting the attention of the students in listening in the discussion and performing the activities until the class end. They got positive result in quiz and practical evaluation so I conclude that the learning materials are appropriate. Your Reflection Put yourself in the place of the teacher. What would you do similarly and what would you do differently if you will teach the same lesson to the same group of students? Why? If I will teach the same lesson to the same group of students I also use computer and hand outs but I will also use PowerPoint presentation in introducing the functions and features of MS Visio 2010 to motivate the students to listen and to view the difference kinds of charts and diagram to understand the topic well. I will give them a more problem situation in creating chart and diagrams to enhance their knowledge in creating charts and diagrams in given scenario and to appreciate the importance of lesson. FS 3 Technology in the Learning Environment FIELD STUDY Give at least three benefits of doing a survey of available materials before making your own materials? Explain each 1. Less difficulty in introducing the lesson-Teaching aid materials are help to motivate students to listen and easily in the part of the teacher to discuss the topic and help the student to understand the lesson well. 2. Doing a survey of materials help me to discover materials that relevant to my topic. Give me a several option and choose materials that more effective and appropriate so that I will achieve the objectives my lesson. Also give me ideas to create new materials. 3. Surveying of available materials are can save time, effort and money. You will not spend time, effort and money because material is already available. You can choose topic that will use the available materials especially in cooking .When you think a menu to cook you should also consider the equipment or tools to use so that can save money to buying those equipments or you will focus on available materials. Your Reflections 1. Which of the materials did you like making the most? Why? Making power point presentation is the most I like because it develops my creativity in designing and animating my slide presentation because of putting pictures, videos, animated pictures and effects in slide and student also like it. It easier to get their attention and they also learned by pictures and videos. 2. What difficulties, if any, did you encounter in making the materials? How did you overcome them? I encounter difficulties in making hand outs and activity sheets. Hand outs should clear and informative so that the lesson will understand by student. And you should make sure that your activity sheet is challenging and have thrilled so that you will evaluate well your student if they absorb the lesson. I base my hand outs and activity sheet to my objectives through this it easier to me to create. 3. What tips can you give teachers regarding preparation of teaching materials In preparation of teaching materials you should consider the availability of materials to avoid creating and purchasing materials. The suitability of materials to the subject matter it also very important. You also consider the skill and knowledge of teacher in using the materials and also the student. FS 3 Technology in the Learning Environment FIELD STUDY PAPER WORKS! (Preparing Hand-outs) HAND-OUT PLAN Subject Matter: Technology and Livelihood Education (Baking and other Kitchen tools and Equipment ) Grade/Year Level: Fourth Year High School Outline: A. Definition of Matter B. Classification of Ovens and other Baking Tools and Equipment 1. Ovens Proportionately 2. Other Baking Equipment 3. Baking Tools and Utensils C. Baking Tools and Equipment and their Uses 1. Spatula 2. Flour Sifter 3. Wooden Spoon 4. Scraper 5. Measuring Cups 6. Measuring Spoons 7. Weighing Scale 8. Electric Mixer 9. Rotary Egg Beater 10. Grater and Shredder 11. Rolling Pin 12. Baking Pans Types of Graphic Organizer/flow chart/schema to use: References: 1. Your Analysis 1. What are the good features of a handout? A good handout must concise information and easy to follow. It’s brief but make sure that it contain important detail of your lesson. Choose simple and readable type of fonts that readers can read because difficult to read is will lose their interest immediately. Bullets, schema, diagram and flow art help your hand out to be organized to avoid confusion. Highlight and bold the important detail so that readers recognized the important information. 2. Which of these features are present in the handout I made? I summarize the topic and I write only important detail so that readers understand the point of my lesson. I use bullets and schema to gives guide to the readers. I use simple fonts in order that they understand the information well. I put also references for clarification or if they need more details. 3. Which features are not present in the handout I made? I present all feature I know even though I didn’t know how to do good handouts but I surely my handout is clear and understandable by the readers. Your Reflection 1. What difficulties, if any, did you encounter in making the handouts? How did you overcome them? The difficulty that I encountered while making my simple handouts is to make it shorten but explainable. I put only the important information should to remember and later I discuss some details for more understanding. I also find difficult in providing schema to my example so I did was explore in the internet and select the best example to my topic. 2. What tips can you give teacher regarding preparation of handouts? Teacher must be resourceful so that the handouts will be informative tools in students learning. Informative because students depend in handouts especially It tackled an ago. They also didn’t remember your explanation so handouts make them recall your lesson. More information is making your reader uninterested to your topic so make it short. FS 3 Technology in the Learning Environment FIELD STUDY Your Analysis 1. What are the features of a good slide presentation? A good slide presentation contains pictures and videos to help you to discuss the topic and to have more understanding in part of student. Pictures and videos let students know what I am talking about. It helps also to get the attention of the students. The slide should follow the 7x 7 rules. Seven words every sentence and seven sentences in every slide. You must remember that your text should Arial font’s style and 24 font’s size. The background color and foreground color are contrast. 2. Which of these features are present in the slide presentation you made? The features I mentioned about are presented in my slide and I follow the 7 x7 rules of power point so that it will make it easier for the audience to read. 3. Which features are not present in the slide presentation you made? I did not put sound effects and music because it will cause distraction to my discussion. I did not use video presentation because it consumes more time but it will depend to your topic if it will be useful to your discussion. Your Reflection 1. What difficulties, if any, did you encounter in making the slide presentation? How did you overcome them? Power point presentation is very interesting to do because it easy to create it. Background and effects are already available. You can put pictures, effects, music and videos that will found in the internet. So far, there were no difficulties that I have encountered. FS 3 Technology in the Learning Brief Description of the material in the Website This site present difference tools and equipment in baking and other tools in kitchen and their uses. Evaluation of Website Strength It is very informative. This site gave a lot of information in my topic. Weaknesses The weakness of this site is you need to become a member to their organization to can access their essays or term papers. Your Reflection This episode tells us the importance roles of internet were you can find a lots of information about in your topic. And also informs us to be aware to the reference of information because website leads to the false information.

In Seal Team Six English Literature Essay

In Seal Team Six English Literature Essay Herbert Spencer, a renowned philosopher once said, Life is the continuous adjustment of internal relations to external relations Herbert Spencer Quotes. Throughout his life, Wasdin was influenced by the experiences of his childhood, during which he was harshly abused by his stepfather. He decided to enlist after graduating from college, and went on to become a member of SEAL Team Six, an anti-terrorist group known for taking down Osama Bin Laden and various other terrorist leaders. His novel, SEAL Team Six: Memoirs of An Elite Navy Seal Sniper, describes his journey from a poor beginning in an impoverished neighborhood to a distinguished position in the army, and brings the reader through his journey to success. During his narration, he constantly reminds the reader of how experiencing abuse as a child helped him endure hardships and succeed. Howard E. Wasdin encountered many struggles throughout his life, but he was able to became one of the worlds most renowned and deadliest soldie rs, as evidenced and shown through his achievements in his life and his overcoming of abuse. Howard E. Wasdin was born Howard E. Wilbanks on November 8, 1961 in the quiet town of Screven, Georgia. His biological father ran away when Wasdin was a few months old, and his mother engaged and married another man, Leon Wasdin. Howard was born premature, but the clinic was so poor that it didnt have an incubator. Millie Kirkman, Wasdins mother, carried him home in a shoe box, and, for a bed, pulled out a drawer from one of the dressers and put blankets in it. As a child, I learned to endure forces beyond my control. My mother had me when she was sixteen years old (Wasdin 25). From an early age, Wasdin learned to adapt and live with a changing situation, an important aspect of a soldier. Belonging to a poor family did not help the fact that he was abused. The earliest memory I have of my childhood is when I was four years old awakened in the middle of the night by a huge man reeking of liquor. He snatched me out of the top bunk, questioning me about why Id done something wrong that day. Then he slapped me around, hitting me in the face, to the point where I could taste my own blood (Wasdin 26). Abuse heavily impacted Wasdin, and it stayed with him for the rest of his life. By the time he was five, Wasdin attempted to run away, but was later returned by the police a night later. On the night of his return, Wasdin was nearly beaten to death by Leon, his stepfather. Leon also happened to be a truck driver, and owned pecan trees in the yard of his house. It was Howards responsibility to pick up the pecans off the driveway when Leon came home, and if he heard any pecans pop under his wheels, that was my ass. Didnt matter if any had fallen since I picked them up. It was my fault for not showing due diligence (Wadin 28). In high school, Wasdin participated in the Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps (JROTC), and he discovered an interest in the military. He was fascinated with the discipline, structure, and nice uniform, and was always the outstanding cadet. It was a nice break from abuse, and after graduating from Cumberland Community College, he enlisted. On November 6, 1983, he reported to the Naval Training Center in Orlando, Florida for three months of basic training, and after basic training, Wasdin committed to six weeks of aircrew training and twelve weeks of search and rescue training at the Naval Air Station Pensacola in Florida. Then, he joined the Helicopter Anti-submarine Squadron Seven as an antisubmarine warfare operator and rescue swimmer. One of Wasdins first encounters with war was when his helicopter crashed into the Atlantic Ocean while investigating a Russian nuclear submarine that had sunk while sailing off the coast of Bermuda. Wasdin jumped to action, rescuing the pilot and f ellow comrades who had been knocked unconscious by the impact and calling in another helicopter for exfiltration. He was commended for his efforts and invited to join SEAL training, which he completed a year later. At first, Wasdin was assigned to SEAL Team Two, a more basic group, before being promoted to SEAL Team Six. Before being allowed to undergo training for becoming a navy SEAL on Team Six, Wasdin fought in Operation Desert Storm, a conflict between the United States and Iraq that would last for a year, and along with his SEAL Team Two, he took control of a cargo ship disguised under an Egyptian flag that was laying mines in the Red Sea. Also, he destroyed undetonated missiles in enemy territory to make sure they did not get the invaluable technology, and helped Iraqi refugees by transporting food and water. After the operation, Wasdin tried applying for a position on the SEAL teams, and he wrote, If I hadnt been a player in Desert Storm, I probably wouldve had to wait anoth er two and a half years (Wasdin 146). During his occupation as a SEAL Team Six operative, he was wounded in the Battle of Mogadishu, and discharged from the army shortly after. He developed neck problems from his wounds, and after seeing a chiropractor, he was completely cured without any medicine. Wasdin later went on to study at a chiropractic college and open his own chiropractic clinic. (Gray 2) In Seal Team Six: Memoirs of An Elite Navy Seal Sniper, Wasdin brings the reader through most of his life, from him humble beginnings as an abused child to his great achievements as a SEAL warrior, with a majority of the book focused on his training and life during war. The fourth week of basic SEAL training is aptly nicknamed Hell Week, because trainees have died from being exhausted or overworked, training for five days and five nights on four hours of sleep total. Howard records a certain event during Hell Week: Instructor Stoneclam said, Everybody out of the water! We crawled out of the water and on to the floating steel pier. He made us strip naked and lay down. Mother Nature had prepared the pier by blowing cool wind across it. Then the instructors sprayed us with cold water. Our muscles contracted wildly. The spasms were uncontrollable. Mike said, Sorry man. I gotta pee. Its okay man. Pee here. He urinated on my hands. Oh, thanks, buddy. Most people think its just gross theyv e obviously never been really cold (Wasdin 69). Hell Week always starts late at night on a Sunday, and ends at dawn of Saturday. By Thursday night of Hell Week, the trainees only had three to four hours of total sleep since Sunday, and the dream world started to mix with the real world. While enjoying a meal on Thursday morning of Hell week, an instructor said to Wasdin, You know, Wasdin, I want to you take this butter knife, go over there, and kill that deer in the corner (Wasdin 72). He looked over, and sure enough, a buck stood still in the chow hall. He crept up to the deer and pounced, only to discover it was the tray table. It was common for an instructor to play a trick like this, as it was their job to break the trainees and find their weaknesses. After completing SEAL training, Wasdin went directly to airborne training at Fort Benning, Georgia. He ridiculed the other students at the training, because he felt that coming from SEAL training, airborne training was very easy. W asdin writes, Some of the soldiers talked as if the training were the hardest thing in the world. They thought they were becoming part of some elite fighting force (Wasdin 89). Then, he trained alongside Swedish Special Forces while moving on to winter warfare training in Scotland. About a year after he finished winter warfare training, he participated in Operation Desert Storm, and after Desert Storm, he applied for a spot on SEAL Team Six, and was accepted. However, the worst of his battles was yet to come. The Battle of Mogadishu, or Black Hawk Down, took place on October 3, 1993, and was one of the bloodiest battles of the twenty-first century for the United States. The goal was to hunt down Somalian warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid, but Wasdin and his comrades were ambushed while pursuing him. In spite of one hundred eighty soldiers fighting against nearly three thousand of Aidids forces, American forces managed to capture several high value targets. However, Wasdin was shot by a Somali militant at close range, nearly blowing his right leg off. After the battle, Wasdin was airlifted to the armys Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, the largest American hospital outside the United States. Upon his arrival, the doctors took him straight to surgery. At first, Wasdin refused to take the general anesthetic, because he was afraid of losing his leg to surgery, but the surgeon eventually gave him an epidural, which numbed him from the waist down. Uncle Earl, from his wifes family, came to visit Wa sdin after the surgery, and was appalled at the stark conditions at the hospital. Wasdin was lying in his own excrement, and was filthy all over. After the epidural, he lost control of his bladder, and there was still dried blood caked on his body from the battle. Maybe the hospital had been too busy to perform proper patient care due to the sudden influx of wounded soldiers from the battle, but after a brief discussion, Earl got the staff to clean Wasdin and replace his bed sheets. Nonetheless, Wasdin contracted a staph infection from the hospital stay, and nearly died. He managed to fully recover, but still had an unexplained wracking pain in his neck. He assumed the pain was some lasting effect from the infection, but after a few visits to a doctor, he discovered that the pain originated from adjusting for his gunshot wound by changing his gait. Wasdin compared his body to a house: If the basement tilts to the right and sinks a little, the roof follows except the necks pulls the opposite way (Wasdin 287). Eventually, a friend recommended a chiropractor to him, and after a few appointments, he was completely rid of the neck pain. This particular event inspired him to pursue an education in chiropractic, and he later graduated with honors as a doctor of chiropractic on September 24, 2009 from Life University in Georgia. Currently, Wasdin runs a chiropractic clinic in Jessup, Georgia. (Why I became a Chiropractor) In his novel, Wasdin revealed a lot of information about his own life. He took the reader through the grueling weeks of SEAL training, and led the reader through several significant military operations, including Operation Desert Storm, the Battle of Mogadishu, and investigating Soviet Submarine K-219. He also goes into detail about suffering PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) after being discharged. Wasdin writes, I suffered the withdrawal symptoms of being cut off from the camaraderie. I was in culture shock, too. People around town could talk to me about their lives, but I couldnt talk to them about mine (Wasdin 272). Moreover, he talked about how he was motivated to become a chiropractor: After all the neurologists, orthopedic surgeons, and other doctors, a chiropractor gave me back my quality of life, (Wasdin 293) referring to how only the chiropractor was effective in treating Wasdins pain. Wasdin described his childhood and its later influence on his life. In his novel, he compared his kinfolk to a lion pride, or family. He comments, When a lion acquires a lioness with cubs, he kills them. Leon didnt kill me, but anything that was not done exactly right, I paid for (Wasdin 27). If the chores were not done correctly by the time Leon came home, Wasdin was beaten. If the pecans were not completely removed from the driveway when Leon came home, Wasdin was beaten. If the incorrect number of produce was brought home from the market, Wasdin was beaten. Although Wasdin lived an unfortunate childhood, this helped prepare him both mentally and physically for his military career. Child abuse is an issue prevalent throughout the world, and it is not a simple matter. As Giardino, a doctorate in pediatrics writes, It is impossible and inadvisable to consider physical abuse of a child as an isolated incident with one cause and one effect. The ecological model of human development and interaction is generally regarded as an ideal conceptual framework à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ leading to the nonaccidental injury or physical abuse of the child. While the relationshop between the amount of stress in an environment and the likelihood of abuse is not completely understood, there is data that suggests that the likelihood of abuse tends to increase when stress increases. Also, some caregivers can handle stress better than others, as evident with Leon, who could clearly not manage his temper. Leon and Wasdins mother both came from the poorer regions of Screven, Georgia, Wasdins birthplace. This may have contributed to an increased amount of stress experienced by the two parents, an d Leon was depicted as an alcoholic in the novel. Wasdins parents were both explicitly abusive, shouting expletives and threatening his life. There are many severe and permanent consequences to abuse. Suffering abuse can completely devastate a child, as they should be receiving love and nurturing instead. Childhood is a period of development during which a person takes in ideas and notions that he/she will retain for the rest of his/her life, and it is crucial that a child lives in a supportive environment that promotes growth. Child abuse has consequences for both society and the victim: According to a National Institute of Justice study, abused children were eleven times as likely to be arrested for criminal as a juvenile, four times more likely to be arrested for violent and criminal behavior as an adult à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Long term Consequences). Five children in the United States die every day from abuse-related injuries, and approximately eighty percent of children that die from abuse are under the age of five. Also, two-thirds of people in drug treatment program report being abused as children. For Wasdin, abuse started at the young age of four years old, when human developme nt starts to quicken. Despite the negative aspects of abuse, it played an important part in keeping Wasdin at the top of his SEAL class and alive in war. The slap of a belt against skin and the sound of a hand against a face may be stark reminders to Wasdin of his past, but in essence, being beaten prepared him for the physical test of training. Being scared for his life and dreading the next encounter with Leon may have been mentally scarring to Wasdin, but being placed under stress helped prepare him for the mental strain of training. Wasdin mentioned that many of his fellow trainees were more fit and stronger than him, yet did not have the mental toughness required of a SEAL. Among his classmates included an Iron Man triathlete, a college football player, and others. Wasdin writes, Anybody can be physically strong. A lot of people can show up to training and be able to perform the tasks given to them. Professional athletes and high school sports stars sometimes participate, and they are the first to quit. Mental toughness is just as important as physical toughness, even more so in times of war (Wasdin 156). These traits kept him al ive in war. Wasdin learned important lessons from suffering abuse as a child. From the pecan tree punishments, he learned to be aware of his surroundings and pay attention to every single detail. When he took out the trash and the wind blew the trash can over after he went back inside his house, Wasdin learned to adapt to the changing situation and just deal with it. When he was beaten for bringing home the wrong number of carrots and watermelon, he learned the importance of being exact when counting. These are all aspects of a successful soldier. For example, during the Battle of Mogadishu, Wasdin was the driver of a Humvee, and if Wasdin did not see the militant who had popped up to shoot him, he would likely have been shot to death. When Wasdin was shot, he stayed calm and looked for safety, adapting to the situation. Before the battle, he had checked his weapon magazine for the correct number of rounds, so that it would not jam during a firefight. He also made sure that his medical supplies were adequate; if he had missed a single tourniquet during Battle of Mogadishu, he almost most certainly wouldve lost his leg. While abuse negatively affected Wasdin as a child, it ultimately benefited him later on in life. Wasdin had a tough beginning as a child, but he took advantage of his struggles and went on to become a renowned soldier, receiving several honors and awards for his valiance in combat. His novel Seal Team Six: Memoirs of An Elite Navy Seal Sniper received acclaim from critics from The Washington Post and Time Magazine, and continues to be a harrowing account of his journey from a victim of abuse to a victorious, decorated veteran.